The Division offers an undergraduate degree in biology that provides a solid foundation in core areas of the biological sciences and in supporting physical sciences and mathematics. Several options are provided within the biology degree. Options in cellular and molecular biology, ecology, organismal biology, field ecology, and human biological sciences allow specialization in biological subdisciplines and are appropriate background for certain employment opportunities and for continued graduate or professional study:
Cellular and molecular biology: For students interested in the cellular and molecular aspects of biology. This option is also appropriate for students interested in health-related professions.
Ecology and organismal biology: For students interested in the biology of organisms (plants and animals) and populations. This option is also appropriate for students interested in veterinary school.
Field ecology: For students interested in field-based ecology. Students with this option spend one or two summers at the Flathead Lake Biological Station.
Genetics and evolution: For students interest in all aspects of genetics, as well as evolutionary biology. This option is also appropriate for student interested in health-related professions.
Human biological sciences: Provides a strong background in the biological sciences for students interested in pursuing further study in a health sciences professional program.
Natural history: Designed especially for students wishing to combine basic natural history and biological sciences with another field such as art, journalism, or creative writing. Option is not suitable for students planning a traditional career in the biological sciences.
Teacher preparation in biology, Teacher preparation in general science: Two separate options designed for students interested in a career teaching biology or broad-field science at the secondary level.
High School Preparation: In addition to general University admission requirements, chemistry, mathematics through pre-calculus, and a modern foreign language are recommended.
Refer to graduation requirements listed previously in the catalog. See index.
Upper-Division Writing Expectation: To meet the Upper-Division Writing Expectation for the major, biology students must take two or three partial writing courses (either three 1/3 writing courses or one 2/3 writing course plus one 1/3 writing course). Courses that are approved as 2/3 partial writing include: BCH 486 (BIOC 486), BCH 499 (BIOC 499), BIOB 411 (MICB 411), BIOB 499 (BIOL 499), BIOE 371 (BIOL 341), BIOE 342 (BIOL 342), BIOH 462 (BIOL 460), BIOM 410 (MICB 404), and BIOM 499 (MICB 499). Courses that are approved as 1/3 partial writing include: BCH 482 (BIOC 482), BIOB 410 (MICB 410), BIOB 425 (BIOL 464), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 428 (BIOL 366), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 402 (MICB 412), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 434 (BIOL 445), BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), and BIOO 475 (BIOL 306).
Option in Cellular and Molecular Biology
Forty-four to forty-nine credits in biochemistry, biology, and microbiology including BCH 480-482 (BIOC 481-482); BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOB 301 (BIOL 301), BIOB 375, and BIOB 425 (BIOL 464); BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301); one course chosen from BIOB 410 (MICB 410) or BIOM 435 (MICB 420); one course chosen from BIOL 435, BIOB 440 (BIOL 440), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445), BIOB 468 (BIOL 468), BIOB 486, BIOL 483, BIOM 410 or 450 (MICB 404 or 450); and two lab courses chosen from BCH 486 (BIOC 486), BIOM 411 (MICB 405), BIOB 411 (MICB 411), BIOM 451 (MICB 451), or BIOM 490 (MICB 497). M 162 (MATH 150); CHMY 141N-143N, 221-222-223-224 (CHEM 161N-162N, 221-222-223-224); one course chosen from CHMY 311, 360, 373 (CHEM 341, 370, 371); PHSX 205N/206N-PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N) are also required.
Option in Ecology and Organismal Biology
Forty-three credits in biology, biochemistry, and microbiology including BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340-341); one organismal course chosen from BIOB 301 (BIOL 301), BIOB 375, BIOB 468 (BIOL 468), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOL 435, BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445); one course with a focus on a group of organisms chosen from BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427-428 (BIOL 400-401), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410), BIOM 423 (BIOL 418), BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301); one ecology course chosen from BIOE 428 (BIOL 366), BIOE 449 (BIOL 430), BIOL 442, WILD 346 (BIOE/BIOL 446), BIOE 447 (BIOL 447), BIOE 448 (BIOL 448), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), WILD 470 (WBIO 470); one evolutionary biology course chosen from BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOB 486, BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484. Other recommended courses include BCH 380 or 480-482 (BIOC 380 or 481-482), BIOM 430 (MICB 423).
Also required: M 162 (MATH 150) or M 171 (MATH 152); one semester of statistics STAT 216 (MATH 241) or a full year of statistics STAT 451-457;452-458 (MATH 444-447, 445-448); one year of chemistry CHMY 121N, 123N-124N (CHEM 151N, 152N-154N) or two years of chemistry CHMY 141N, 143N, 221-222, 223-224) (CHEM 161N, 162N, 221-223, 222-224); PHSX 205N/206N-PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N).
Forty-three credits in biology and microbiology including BIOB 160N (BIOL 110), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOL 342 or BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340/341). Choose FLBS courses from the Aquatic Emphasis, BIOL 451, 453, 454, 452, 492; or the Terrestrial Emphasis, BIOL 451, 458, 459, 452, 492. Choose an additional 8 credits of upper division Biology or Microbiology, with at least one from each category: course with a focus on a group of organisms from BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427-428 (BIOL 400-401), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410), BIOM 423 (BIOL 418), BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300/301); and an evolutionary biology course from BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOB 486, BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483 or BIOL 484. One of these classes must be an Upper Division Writing course. Other required courses are M 162 (MATH 150), STAT 216 (MATH 241) or STAT 451/457 and STAT 452/458 (MATH 444/447 and MATH 445/448); CHMY 121N & 123N/124N (CHEM 151N and 152N/154N) or CHMY 141N, 143N, 221-222 and 223-224 (CHEM 161N, 162N, 221/223 and 222/224); and PHSX 205N/206N-PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N).
Students in Track A will also spend two summers at the Flathead Lake Biological Station
Forty-four to forty-eight credits in biology, biochemistry, and microbiology including BCH 380 or 480-482 (BIOC 380 or 480-482); BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOB 301 (BIOL 301), BIOB 375, BIOH 365-370 (BIOL 312, 313). BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301) (or BIOM 400 (MICB 302)) and two courses chosen from BCH 486 (BIOC 486), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOL 435, 442, BIOH 462 (BIOL 460), BIOB 425 (BIOL 464), BIOB 468 (BIOL 468), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOB 486, BIOB 499 (BIOL 499), BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOB 410 (MICB 410), BIOM 402 (MICB 412), BIOM 427/428 (BIOL 400/401), BIOM 435 (MICB 420), BIOM 450 (MICB 450).
One year of chemistry CHMY 121N, 123N-124N (CHEM 151N, 152N-154N) or two years of chemistry CHMY 141N, 143N, 221-222-223-224 (CHEM 161N, 162N, 221-223-222-224); M 162 (MATH 150), STAT 216 (MATH 241); PHSX 205N/206N-207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N); PSYX 100S (PSYC 100S) also are required.
Recommended Courses: Some graduate schools in the health professions may require additional course work, for example, in these areas: COMX 111A (COMM 111A), Introduction to Public Speaking; NUTR 221N (HHP 236N), Nutrition; HHP 377-378, Physiology of Exercise and Laboratory; SOCI 101S (SOC 110S) Principles of Sociology, PSYX 230S (PSYC 240S), Developmental Psychology; PSYX 340S (PSYC 330S), Abnormal Psychology.
Option in Genetics and Evolution
Forty-four to forty-nine credits in biochemistry, biology and microbiology including BCH 380 (BIOC 380) or 480-482 (BIOC 481-482); BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOB 375, BIOB 486, BIOE 370/371 (BIOL 340/341), three genetics/evolution courses chosen from: BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451 (CS 458); one physiology course chosen from: BIOB 425 (BIOL 464), BIOL 435, BIOM 450/451 (MICB 450/451), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445). M 162 (MATH 150) or M 171 (MATH 152); STAT 216 (MATH 241) or STAT 451/457-452/458 (MATH 444/447-445/448); CHMY 121N, 123N/124N (CHMY 151N, 152N/154N) or CHMY 141N-143N, 221-222-223-224 (CHEM 161N-162N, 221-222-223-224); PHSX 205N/206N-207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N) are also required.
Forty-two to forty-four credits in biology including BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340-341), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410); one course chosen from BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), or BIOL 356; one course chosen from BIOE 404 or 406 (BIOL 405 or 406).
CHMY 121N, 123N-124N (CHEM 151N-152N, 154N) and GEO 101N-102N (GEOS 100N-101N) are required. Students also must complete at least 20 credits in cognate areas of anthropology, chemistry (excluding CHMY 121N, 123N-124N (CHEM 151N-152N, 154N)), geography, geology (excluding GEO 101N-102N (GEOS 100N-101N)), forestry, mathematics, physics/astronomy, and wildlife biology. No more than 10 credits from any one of these areas can be applied toward the 20-credit requirement. Students interested in combining this option with another subject area may, with the advisor's permission, substitute 20 credits in English-writing, journalism, photography, art, foreign language, business management, or other appropriate field.
Option in Biological Education Major Teaching Field of Biology: This option is designed for students seeking an endorsement in the major teaching field of biology.
A student must complete thirty-four credits in biology and microbiology including BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340-341), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445), BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301) and one course chosen from BIOB 301 (BIOL 301) or BIOL 435.
M 162 or M 171 (MATH 150 or 152) and STAT 216 (MATH 241) are required; CHMY 121N-123N, 124N, 485 (CHEM 151N-152N, 154N, 485); PHSX 205N/206N (PHYS 111N/113N); EDU 497 (C&I 426); GEO 105N (GEOS 105N) or GEO 108N (GEOS 108N) also are required.
For endorsement to teach biology, a student also must gain admission to the Teacher Education Program and meet all the requirements for teaching licensure (see the College of Education section of this catalog).
Biology qualifies for a single-field endorsement. However, there is a limited demand in most Montana high schools for teachers with a single endorsement in biology and students are advised to complete the requirements for a second teaching endorsement (major or minor).
Minor Teaching Field of Biology: For an endorsement in the minor teaching field of biology, a student must complete BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223); BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301); EDU 497 (C&I 426); GEO 105N or 108N (GEOS 105N or 108N), M 162 or 171 (MATH 150 or 152), STAT 216 (MATH 241); and CHMY 121N-123N, 485 (CHEM 151N-152N, 485). A student also must gain admission to the Teacher Education Program and must meet the requirements for teaching licensure (see the College of Education section of this catalog).
Extended Major Teaching Field of General Science: A student is awarded a B.A. with a major in biology with an ecology option by completing the following 60 credits in astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, mathematics, and physics: ASTR 131N, 134N; BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N-171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221), BIOB 272 (BIOL 223), BIOE 370-371 (340-341); CHMY 123N , 141N-143N, 485 (CHEM 152N, 161N-162N, 485); GEO 101N-102N (GEOS 100N-101N), and either GEO 105N or 108N (GEOS 105N or 108N); M 162 or 171 (MATH 150 or 152), STAT 216 (MATH 241) and PHSX 205N/206N-PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N). EDU 497 (C&I 426) also is required.
Highly recommended are BIOL 435, BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300-301), and CHMY 101N (CHEM 101N).
For an endorsement in the extended major teaching field of General Science, a student must gain admission to the Teacher Education Program, and meet the requirements for teaching licensure (see the College of Education section of this catalog.)
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry | 3 | - |
| CHMY 123N (CHEM 152N) Intro to Organic and Biochemistry | - | 3 |
| CHMY 124N (CHEM 154N) Intro to Organic and Biochemistry Laboratory | - | 2 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| PSYX 100S (PSYC 100S) Introduction to Psychology | - | 4 |
| Elective | - | 1 |
| +Depends on Placement Exam | 14 | 15 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 485 (CHEM 485) Laboratory Safety | 1 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | 4 | - |
| BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301) General Microbiology & Laboratory | - | 5 |
| Lower-division writing course | - | 3 |
| General Education/Native American Studies Course | 6 | 3 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BIOE 370/371 (BIOL 340/341) General Ecology and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| PHSX 205N/206N (PHYS 111N/113N) Fundamentals of Physics I and Laboratory | 5 | - |
| BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445) Plant Physiology and Laboratory | - | 4 |
| EDU 202 (C&I 200) Early Field Experience | 1 | - |
| EDU 221 (C&I 303) Educational Psychology and Measurement | 3 | - |
| EDU 370 (C&I 306) Integrating Technology into Education | 3 | - |
| EDU 345 (C&I 410) Exceptionality and Classroom Management | 3 | - |
| HHP 233 Health Issues of Children and Adolescents | - | 3 |
| General Education Requirements | - | 3 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| EDU 395 (C&I 301 or 302) Field Experience | 1 | - |
| EDU 407E (C&I 407E) Ethics and Policy Issues | 3 | - |
| EDU 497 (C&I 426) Methods: 5-12 Science | 3 | - |
| EDU 481 (C&I 427) Content Area Literacy | 3 | - |
| EDU 495 (C&I 482) Student Teaching: Secondary | - | 14 |
| EDU 494 (C&I 494) Professional Portfolio | - | 1 |
| BIOL 435 Comparative Animal Physiology (or BIOB 301) | 3 | - |
| GEO 108N Climate Change or GEO 105N Oceanography (GEOS 108N or GEOS 105N) | 3 | - |
| 16 | 15 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N, 143N (CHEM 161N, 162N) College Chemistry I, II | 5 | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | - | 3 |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Elective | 1 | - |
| +Depends on Placement Exam | 14 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 221/222, 223/224 (CHEM 221/223, 222/224) Organic Chemistry I, II and Laboratories | 5 | 5 |
| BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301) General Microbiology and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| General Education | 3 | - |
| Elective | - | 1 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BCH 480, 482 (BIOC 481, 482) Advanced Biochemistry I, II | 3 | 3 |
| BIOM 410 (MICB 404) Microbial Genetics (or BIOL 435, BIOL 483, BIOB 440 (BIOL 440), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445), BIOB 468, BIOB 486, BIOM 450 (MICB 450)) | - | 3 |
| BIOM 411 (MICB 405) Experimental Microbial Genetics Laboratory (or BIOB 411 (MICB 411), BIOM 451 (MICB 451), BIOM 490 (MICB 497), or BCH 486 (BIOC 486)) | - | 1 |
| PHSX 205N/206N, 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | 3 | 3 |
| Electives | 4 | - |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOB 375 General Genetics | - | 3 |
| BIOB 301 (BIOL 301) Developmental Biology | - | 3 |
| BIOB 425 (BIOL 464) Advanced Cellular & molecular Biology | - | 3 |
| CHMY 311 (CHEM 341) Analytic Chemistry-Quantitative Analysis (or CHMY 360, 373 (CHEM 370, 371)) | 4 | - |
| BIOB 410/411 (MICB 410/411) Immunology and Laboratory (or BIOM 435 (MICB 420) plus another laboratory course) | 5 | - |
| Upper-division elective | 3 | 3 |
| General Education | 3 | 3 |
| 15 | 15 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry | 3 | - |
| CHMY 123N (CHEM 152N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry | - | 3 |
| CHMY 124N (CHEM 154N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry Laboratory | - | 2 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| General Education Requirement | - | 3 |
| Electives | - | 3 |
| +Depends on Placement Exam | 14 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| PHSX 205N/206N, 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N-112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| Elective | 3 | - |
| General Education | - | 6 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| STAT 451/457, 452,458 (MATH 444/447, 445/448) Statistical Methods I and Comp. Lab (or STAT 216 (MATH 241)) | 4 | 4 |
| BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340-341) General Ecology and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| BIOO 475 (BIOL 306) Mammalogy (or BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427/428 (BIOL 400/401), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410), BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301)) | 4 | - |
| BIOM 415 Microbial Diversity, Ecology, Evolution (or WILD 346 (BIOL 446), BIOE 428 (BIOL 366), BIOE 449 (BIOL 430), BIOL 442, BIOE 447 (BIOL 447), BIOE 448 (BIOL 448), WILD 470 (WBIO 470)) | - | 3 |
| General Education Requirement | 3 | 3 |
| Electives | 3 | - |
| 14 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOM 360/361 General Microbiology and Laboratory (or another UD biology elective) | - | 5 |
| BIOE 406 (BIOL 406) Behavior and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOB 486, BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484) | 4 | - |
| BIOE 403 (BIOL 403) Vertebrate Design and Evolution (or BIOB 301 (BIOL 301), BIOB 375, BIOB 468, BIOL 435, BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445)) | 5 | - |
| Upper-division elective | 5 | - |
| General Education Requirement | - | 3 |
| Electives | 1 | 8 |
| 15 | 16 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N, 143N (CHEM 161N, 162N) College Chemistry I, II | 5 | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | - | 4 |
| +Depends on Placement Exam | 16 | 14 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 221/222, 223/224 (CHEM 221/222, 223/224) Organic Chemistry I, II and Laboratories | 5 | 5 |
| Writing course | 3 | - |
| General Education | 3 | 6 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BCH 480,482 (BIOC 481,482) Advanced Biochemistry I and II (or another UD biology, microbiology or biochemistry elective) | 3 | 3 |
| BIOE 370/371 General Ecology and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| BIOE 406 (BIOL 406) Behavior and Evolution (or BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484) | 4 | - |
| PHSX 205N/206N & PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Elective | 2 | - |
| 14 | 16 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOL 435 Comparative Animal Physiology (or BIOB 301 (BIOL 301), BIOB 375, BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445), BIOB 468 (BIOL 468)) | 3 | - |
| BIOE 448 (BIOL 448) Terrestrial Plant Ecology (or BIOE 428/429 (BIOL 366), BIOL 442, BIOE 449 (BIOL 430), WILD 346 (BIOL 446), BIOE 447 (BIOL 447), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), WILD 470 (WBIO 470)) | 4 | - |
| BIOO 470 Ornithology (or BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427/428 (BIOL 400/401), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410), BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301), BIOM 423 (BIOL 418)) | - | 4 |
| General Education Requirement | 3 | 3 |
| Upper-division elective | 5 | 8 |
| 15 | 15 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N, 143N (CHEM 161N, 162N) College Chemistry I, II | 5 | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| PSYX 100S (PSYC 100S) Introduction to Psychology | - | 4 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 16 | 14 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| ASTR 131N/134N Elementary Astronomy and Laboratory | 4 | - |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 123N (CHEM 152N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry | - | 3 |
| GEO 101N/102N (GEOL 100N/101N) Introduction to Physical Geology | - | 4 |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | 4 | - |
| General Education/Native American Studies course | - | 3 |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| Elective | - | 1 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| CHMY 485 (CHEM 485) Laboratory Safety | 1 | - |
| EDU 202 (C&I 200) Early Field Experience | - | 1 |
| EDU 221 (C&I 303) Educational Psychology and Measurement | - | 3 |
| EDU 370 (C&I 306) Integrating Technology into Education | - | 3 |
| EDU 345 (C&I 410) Exceptionality and Classroom Management | - | 3 |
| GEO 105N or 108N (GEOS 105N or 108N) Oceanography or Climate Change | 3 | - |
| PHSX 205N/206N & 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N, 112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | 6 | - |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOE 370/371 (BIOL 340/341) General Ecology and Laboratory | 5 | - |
| EDU 395 (C&I 301 or 302) Field Experience | 1 | - |
| EDU 407E (C&I 407E) Ethics and Policy Issues | 3 | - |
| EDU 497 (C&I 426) Methods: 5-12 Science | 3 | - |
| EDU 481 (C&I 427) Content Area Literacy | 3 | - |
| HHP 233 Health Issues of Children and Adolescents | - | 3 |
| Upper-division biology writing course (suggested course: BIOO 433/434) | - | 4 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Electives | - | 5 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Fifth Year | A | S |
| EDU 495 (C&I 482) Student Teaching: Secondary | 14 | - |
| EDU 494 (C&I 494) Professional Portfolio | 1 | - |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| Elective | 2 | - |
| CHMY 123N (CHEM 152N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry | - | 3 |
| CHMY 124N (CHEM 154N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry Lab | - | 2 |
| General Education Requirement | - | 3 |
| Lower Division Writing Requirement | - | 3 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 16 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| STAT 451/457 (MATH 444/447) Statistical Methods I/Computer Analysis | 4 | - |
| General Education Requirement | 3 | - |
| Electives | 5 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| STAT 452/458 (MATH 445/448) Statistical Methods II/Computer Analysis | - | 4 |
| General Education Requirement | - | 6 |
| Elective | - | 2 |
| 16 | 16 | |
| Summer (at Biological Station) | ||
| BIOL 342 Field Ecology | 5 | - |
| Upper Division Electives | 5 | - |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BIOE 406 (BIOL 406) Behavior and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOB 486, BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484) | 4 | - |
| PHSX 205N/206N (PHYS 111N/113N) College Physics I & Lab | 5 | - |
| General Education Requirement | 6 | - |
| Electives | 2 | - |
| BIOO 470 (BIOL 304) Ornithology (or BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427/428 (BIOL 400/401), BIOO 462 (BIOL 410), BIOM 423 (BIOL 418), BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301) | - | 4 |
| PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 112N/114N) College Physics II & Lab | - | 5 |
| Electives | - | 7 |
| 17 | 16 | |
| Second Summer (at Biological Station) | ||
| BIOL 451 Landscape Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 458 Ecology of Forests & Grasslands | 3 | |
| BIOL 459 Alpine Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 452 Conservation Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 492 Seminars in Ecology & Resource Management | 1 | |
| 13 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles of Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N (CHEM 161N) College Chemistry I | 5 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| Elective | 1 | - |
| CHMY 143N (CHEM 162N) College Chemistry II | - | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | - | 3 |
| General Education Requirement | - | 3 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 14 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| CHMY 221/222 (CHEM 221/223) Organic Chemistry I & Lab | 5 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | 4 | - |
| Lower Division Writing Requirement | - | 3 |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 223/224 (CHEM 222/224) Organic Chemistry II & Lab | - | 5 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| 13 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BIOE 370/371 (BIOL 340/341) General Ecology and Lab | 5 | - |
| PHSX 205N/206N (PHYS 111N/113N) College Physics I and Lab | 5 | |
| General Education | 3 | - |
| PHSX 207N/208N (PHYS 112N/114N) College Physics II and Lab | - | 5 |
| General Education Requirements | - | 6 |
| Electives | - | 1 |
| 13 | 12 | |
| Summer Semester at Flathead Lake Biological Station | ||
| BIOL 451 Landscape Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 453 Lake Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 454 Stream Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 452 Conservation Ecology | 3 | |
| BIOL 492 Seminar in Ecology & Res. Management | 1 | |
| 13 | ||
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOO 462 (BIOL 410) Entomology (or BIOO 340 (BIOL 308), BIOO 470 (BIOL 304), BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOO 320 (BIOL 316), BIOO 335 (BIOL 350), BIOM 427,428 (BIOL 400-401), BIOM 423 (BIOL 418), BIOM 360-361 (MICB 300/301) | - | 4 |
| Upper Division electives | 8 | - |
| BIOE 406 (BIOL 406) Behavior and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOB 486, BIOE 404 (BIOL 405), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484) | 4 | - |
| Upper-division elective | - | 5 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| 12 | 12 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
|
CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry |
3 | - |
| CHMY 123N/124N (CHEM 152N/154N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I |
3 |
- |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Elective | - | 3 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 14 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| PHSX 205N/206N & 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N-112N/114N) College Physics I,II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | - | 6 |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| Electives | 3 | - |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| STAT 451/457, 452/458 (MATH 444/447, 445/448) Statistical Methods I and Comp. Lab (or STAT 216 (MATH 241)) | 4 | 4 |
| BIOE 370-371 (BIOL 340-341) General Ecology and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| BIOE 406 Behavior and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451) | 4 | - |
| BIOB 375 General Genetics | - | 3 |
| BCH 380 (BIOC 380) Biochemistry | 4 | - |
| General Education | 3 | 3 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOB 480 (BIOL 480) Conservation Genetics (or BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451) | 3 | - |
| BIOH 486 Genomics | 3 | - |
| BIOL 435 Comparative Animal Physiology (or BIOB 425 (BIOL 464), BIOM 450/451 (MICB 450/451), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445)) | 3 | - |
| BIOM 415 Microbial Diversity, Ecology, & Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), CSCI 451) | - | 3 |
| Upper-division Elective | - | 3 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Electives | 6 | 6 |
| 15 | 15 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N, 143N (CHEM 161N, 162N) College Chemistry I, II | 5 | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | - | 4 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 16 | 14 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 221/222, 223/224 (CHEM 221/222, 223/224) Organic Chemistry I, II and Laboratories | 5 | 5 |
| Writing course | 3 | - |
| General Education | 3 | 6 |
| 15 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BCH 480, 482 (BIOC 481, 482) Advanced Biochemistry I and II (or another UD biology, microbiology or biochemistry elective) | 3 | 3 |
| BIOE 370/371 General Ecology and Laboratory | 5 | - |
| BIOE 375 General Genetics | - | 3 |
| PHSX 205N/206N & 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N,112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Elective | 1 | 1 |
| 14 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOE 486 Genomics | 3 | - |
| BIOE 403 (BIOL 403) Vertebrate Design and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451) | 5 | - |
| BIOB 425 (BIOL 464) Advanced Cell & Molecular Biology (or BIOL 435, BIOM 450/451 (MICB 450/451), BIOO 433/434 (BIOL 444/445)) | - | 3 |
| BIOL 483 Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOE 482 (BIOL 482), BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451) | - | 3 |
| BIOE 482 (BIOL 482) Evolution and Development (or BIOB 480 (BIOL 480), BIOE 403 (BIOL 403), BIOE 406 (BIOL 406), BIOL 483, BIOL 484, BIOM 410 (MICB 404), BIOM 415 (MICB 422), CSCI 451) | - | 3 |
| General Education Requirement | 3 | 3 |
| Upper-division elective | 4 | 4 |
| 15 | 16 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
|
CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry |
3 | - |
| CHMY 123N/124N (CHEM 152N/154N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I |
3 |
- |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| PSYX 100S (PSYC 100S) Introduction to Psychology | - | 4 |
| Elective | 1 | 1 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 15 | 15 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| PHSX 205N/206N & 207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N-112N/114N) College Physics I,II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | 4 | - |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| Electives | - | 3 |
| 16 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BIOH 365, 370 (BIOL 312, 313) Human A&P I and II for Health Professions | 4 | 4 |
| BIOB 301 (BIOL 301) Developmental Biology | - | 3 |
| BIOM 400 (MICB 302) Medical Microbiology (or BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301) General Microbiology & Lab) | 3 | - |
| BCH 380 (BIOC 380) Biochemistry | 4 | - |
| General Education | 3 | 3 |
| Upper-division elective | - | 4 |
| Elective | - | 1 |
| 14 | 15 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOE 403 (BIOL 403) Vertebrate Design & Evolution (or another upper-division course from list that meets the UD biology writing requirement) | 5 | - |
| BIOH 462 (BIOL 460) Principles of Medical Physiology (or another upper-division course from list that meets the UD biology writing requirement) | - | 3 |
| Upper Division Elective | 3 | 3 |
| General Education | 3 | 3 |
| Electives | 4 | 3 |
| 15 | 15 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 141N, 143N (CHEM 161N, 162N) College Chemistry I, II | 5 | 5 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 162 (MATH 150) Applied Calculus | 4 | - |
| PSYX 100S (PSYC 100S) Introduction to Psychology | - | 4 |
| + Depends on placement exam | 16 | 14 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| CHMY 221/222, 223/224 (CHEM 221/222, 223/224) Organic Chemistry I, II and Laboratories | 5 | 5 |
| BIOM 360/361 (MICB 300/301) General Microbiology and Laboratory (or BIOM 400 and 2 credits of upper division elective) | - | 5 |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Introduction to Statistics | 4 | - |
| 16 | 14 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BCH 480, 482 (BIOC 481, 482) Advanced Biochemistry I, II (or BCH 380 plus 2 credits of UD elective) | 3 | 3 |
| BIOB 301 (BIOL 301) Developmental Biology | - | 3 |
| PHSX 205N/206N-207N/208N (PHYS 111N/113N-112N/114N) College Physics I, II & Labs | 5 | 5 |
| Upper-division elective | 3 | 3 |
| Elective | 1 | - |
| General Education | 3 | - |
| 15 | 14 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOE 375 General Genetics | - | 3 |
| BIOB 425 (BIOL 464) Advanced Cellular and Molecular Biology (or another upper-division course from list that meets the UD biology writing requirement) | - | 3 |
| BIOH 365, 370 (BIOL 312, 313) Human A&P I and II for Health Professions | 4 | 4 |
| BIOB 410 (MICB 410) Immunology (or another upper-division course from list that meets the UD biology writing requirement) | 3 | - |
| General Education | 6 | 6 |
| UD Elective | 2 | - |
| 15 | 16 |
| First Year | A | S |
|---|---|---|
| BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N) Principles of Living Systems | 4 | - |
| BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N/109N) Principles Biological Diversity and Laboratory | - | 5 |
| CHMY 121N (CHEM 151N) Introduction to General Chemistry | 3 | - |
| CHMY 123N (CHEM 152N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry | - | 3 |
| CHMY 124N (CHEM 154N) Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry Laboratory | - | 2 |
| +WRIT 101 (ENEX 101) College Writing I | 3 | - |
| +M 121 (MATH 111) College Algebra | 3 | - |
| General Education | - | 6 |
| Elective | 1 | - |
| + Depends on placement exam | 14 | 16 |
| Second Year | A | S |
| BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) Cellular and Molecular Biology | 4 | - |
| BIBO 272 (BIOL 223) Genetics and Evolution | - | 4 |
| BIOO 335 (BIOL 350) Rocky Mountain Flora | - | 3 |
| GEO 101N/102N (GEOL 100N/101N) Introduction to Physical Geology and Laboratory | 4 | - |
| Lower-division writing course | 3 | - |
| General Education | - | 3 |
| Modern/Classic Language I, II | 5 | 5 |
| 16 | 15 | |
| Third Year | A | S |
| BIOE 370 (BIOL 340) General Ecology | - | 3 |
| BIOE 371 (BIOL 341) General Ecology Laboratory | - | 2 |
| BIOO 320 (BIOL 316) General Botany | 5 | - |
| STAT 216 (MATH 241) Statistics (cognate course and prerequisite to BIOE 371) | 4 | - |
| Cognate course | - | 3 |
| Upper-division cognate course | - | 7 |
| General Education | 6 | - |
| 14 | 16 | |
| Fourth Year | A | S |
| BIOO 470 (BIOL 304) Ornithology (or BIOO 475 (BIOL 306), BIOL 356) | - | 4 |
| BIOE 406 (BIOL 406) Behavior and Evolution (or BIOE 404 (BIOL 405)) | 4 | - |
| BIOO 462 (BIOL 410) Entomology | - | 4 |
| Cognate course | 3 | - |
| Upper-division electives | 3 | 4 |
| General Education | 3 | - |
| Electives | 1 | 3 |
| 14 | 15 |
To earn a minor in biology, the student must complete a minimum of 25 credits in biology including BIOB 160N (BIOL 110N), BIOB 170N/171N (BIOL 108N-109N), BIOB 260 (BIOL 221) and BIOB 272 (BIOL 223) and 8 credits in Biology at the 300-400 level. All courses must be taken for a traditional letter grade.
R- before the course description indicates the course may be repeated for credit to the maximum indicated after the R. Credits beyond this maximum do not count toward a degree.
Biology (BIOL) - Course Descriptions
265, 315, 342, 343, 356, 407, 415, 435, 442, 449, 451, 452, 453, 454, 458, 459, 483, 484, 492
Biology (BIOB) - Course Descriptions
101N, 130N, 160N, 170N, 171N, 191, 198, 240, 260, 272, 291, 298, 301, 375, 390, 391, 398, 410, 411, 425, 440, 468, 480, 490, 486, 491, 492, 494, 495, 498, 499, 501, 510, 513, 517, 518, 519, 522, 524, 526, 530, 541, 547, 551, 561, 565, 575, 594, 595, 597, 598, 599, 699
Biology-Ecology (BIOE) - Course Descriptions
172n, 370, 371, 394, 403, 404, 406, 428, 447, 448, 449, 482
Biology-Human (BIOH) - Course Descriptions
112, 113, 291, 330, 360, 365, 370, 405, 423, 424, 456, 457, 461, 462, 463, 480, 481
Biology-Organismal (BIOO) - Course Descriptions
101N, 105N, 320, 335, 340, 433, 434, 462, 470, 475, 486
Biology-Systems Ecology (BIOS) - Course Descriptions
532, 534